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1 ῥίπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to throw, to hurl, to thrust, to bolt' (Pi., IA.).Other forms: also ῥιπτέω (IA. since ν 78), iterative pret. ῥίπτασκον (Hom., Hes. Sc., - εσκον Nic. Fr.), fut. ῥίψω, aor. ῥῖψαι (Il.), pass. ῥιφθῆναι, ῥῐφῆναι (Att.) with fut. ῥιφ-θήσομαι (S.), - ήσομαι (LXX), perf. midd. ἔρρῑμμαι (Orac. ap. Hdt., E., Ar.), ῥερῖφθαι (Pi.; Schwyzer 649), act. ἔρρῑφα (Lys.).Compounds: Often w. prefix, e.g. ἁπο-, ἀνα-, ἐν-, δια-. As 1. member e.g. in ῥίψ-ασπις, - ιδος `throwing the shield away, coward' (Ar., Pl.), - άσπιδος `id.' (Eup.); cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 93.Derivatives: 1. ῥῑπή f. `throw, thrust, gust of wind, sway, press, heavy movement' (ep. Il.) with ῥιπίζω ( δια-, ἐκ- a.o.) `to cause a gust of wind, to kindle, to fan' (Hp., Ar., Arist.), `to hurl' (Hld.), from which ῥίπ-ισις, - ισμός, - ισμα `fanning' (late); from ῥιπή or as backformation ῥιπίς, - ίδος f. `fanner' (com., AP); on εὔ-ρῑπος s. v.; 2. ῥῖψις ( διά-, ἀπό- a.o.) f. `throwing, hurling' (Hp., Att., Arist.) with ( ἀπο-)ῥίψιμος `apt for throwing away' (late; Arbenz 92); also Ϝριψίδας (Mantinea; cf. Kretschmer Glotta 5,265); 3. ( δια-)ῥίμματα n. pl. `heavy movements, bolts' (Arion, X.); 4. ῥῐφή ( δια-, ἀπο-) f. `cast, throwing back and forth' (Pratin. Lyr., Lyc.; after ῥῐφῆναι); 5. ῥιπτός `cast, thrown' (S. Tr.), μητρό- ῥίπτω (Dosiad.); 6. ῥιπτικός `able for throwing' (Arist.-comm.); 7. frequent. ῥιπτάζω, - άσαι `to thrust back and forth' (ep. Ξ 257) with - ασμός (Hp., Plu.), - αστικός (M. Ant.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: The regular character of the formal system, which is built on an element Ϝρῑπ- (wit secondary shortening Ϝρῐπ-), shows that it is a (relatively) late creation. No convincing agreement outside Greek. The formally agreeing MLG wrīven `rub, wipe, scour, draw', MHG rīben `turn rubbing ' could be connected if we assume a basic meaning `turn' ("rub, throw with a turning movement"; cf. with the last Lat. torqueō); WP. 1, 280, Pok. 1159. A further analysis in u̯r-ī-p- "opens wide perspectives"; NHG werfen (prop. *'turn')not to ῥέπω, ῥέμβομαι, ῥάβδος)} s. vv.) etc. S. also ῥίψ. -- An IE *u̯r-iH-p- seems not a very probable structure; is the word Pre-Greek?Page in Frisk: 2,658-659Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥίπτω
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2 ἀναστροφή
ἀνα-στροφή, ἡ,A turning upside down, upsetting, overthrow, E.Fr. 301 (pl.); μοῖραν εἰς ἀ. δίδωσι, = ἀναστρέφει, Id.Andr. 1007; disorder, confusion, Posidipp.26.22.2 turning back, return, S.Ant. 226; πολλὰς ἀ. ποιούμενος, of a hunter, making many casts backward, X. Cyn.6.25; wheeling round, of a horse, Id.Eq.Mag.3.14; of soldiers in battle, whether to flee or rally, Id.Cyr.5.4.8;μηκέτι δοῦναι αὐτοῖς ἀ.
time to rally,Id.
HG4.3.6, cf. Ages.2.3; esp. of the reversal of a wheeling movement, Ascl.Tact.10.6, Ael.Tact.25.7, Arr.Tact.21.4; of a ship, Th.2.89;ἐξ ἀ.
turning back,Plb.
4.54.4; conversely,S.E.
M.7.430.3 in Gramm., throwing back of the accent, as in Prepositions after their case, A.D.Synt.308.15, etc.4 Rhet., = ἐπαναστροφή, repetition of words which close one sentence at the beginning of another, Hermog.Id.1.12, etc.5 Math., conversion of a ratio,ἀ. λόγου Euc.5
Def.16;κατ' ἀναστροφήν Papp.1002.25
.II dwelling in a place, Plu.2.216a.3 mode of life, behaviour, Plb.4.82.1, D.L.0.64;- φὴν ποιεῖσθαι IG2.477b12
, cf. SIG491.5, LXX To.4.14, Ep.Gal.1.13, Ep.Eph.4.22, al.;ἀ. πολιτική PGiss. 40ii29
(iii A.D.); ἐξημερωμένης -φῆς civilized life, Phld.Sto.Herc.339.19.4 delay, respite, time for doing a thing, Plb.1.66.3,al., D.S.10.5.5 occupation, concern,περί τι τὰν ἀ. ἔχειν Archyt.1
, cf. Phld.Po.5.1425.6.7 recourse,ἀ. λαμβάνειν πρός τι Plu. 2.112c
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀναστροφή
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3 ἐξυπτιάζω
A turn a person quite on the back, ὄμμα ( ὄνομα codd.) throw his eyes upwards or backwards, A.Th. 577; ἐ. ἑαυτόν throwing back his head haughtily, Luc.Cat.16: abs., Id.Gall.12, Herc.3, Ind.21:— [voice] Med., ἐξυπτιάζεσθαι τὴν κεφαλήν throw it back, Arist.Fr. 106.II intr., lie back, of the horns of wild cattle, Id.HA 499a7.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐξυπτιάζω
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4 αναβιβασμού
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5 ἀναβιβασμοῦ
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6 αναβιβασμούς
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7 ἀναβιβασμούς
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8 αναβιβασμώ
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9 ἀναβιβασμῷ
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10 αναβιβασμόν
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11 ἀναβιβασμόν
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12 αναβιβασμός
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13 ἀναβιβασμός
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14 ἀναβιβασμός
ἀναβῐβ-ασμός, ὁ,A the throwing back the accent, A.D. Conj.233.30.2 Arith., sum total, Hero *Geom.4.13.3 Medic., aggravation, of headache, Steph.in Hp.1.223D.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀναβιβασμός
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15 ἀνάδοσις
A sprouting, of plants, Thphr.CP 2.1.4; bursting, issuing forth, of fire, wind, water, Arist.Mu. 395a9, D.S.2.12, J.BJ7.6.3; exhalation, Plu.2.31e.II (trans.) distribution, Posidon.17;τῶν ὄντων J.Ap.2.39
.2 of food, distribution, assimilation, Plb.3.57.8, Phld.D.3.13 (sg. and pl.), Plu.2.654a, Gal.Nat.Fac.1.2, Jul.Ep. 180;πέψις καὶ ἀ. Muson.Fr.18
B p.103H., Porph.Abst.1.45: metaph., digestion of knowledge, Plu. Per.2.III Gramm., ἀ. τόνου throwing back of the accent, EM 549.30.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀνάδοσις
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16 ἔγκλισις
A inclination, ἔ. λαβεῖν, of the earth, D.L.2.9, cf. Pl.Amat. 132b; of the ecliptic ([etym.] ὁ λοξὸς κύκλος), Arist.GC 336b4; of ground,ἔ. ἔχειν πρὸς ἕω Id.Pol. 1330a39
;εἰς νότον Porph.Antr. 26
;ἐγκλίσεις τῆς κεφαλῆς εἰς τὰ δεξιά Arist.Phgn. 808a13
;ἐ. σχημάτων τριγώνων Onos.10.28
(pl.); ἐ. δορατίου, in signalling, Id.26.1.3 Medic., displacement, Hp.Fract.39 (pl.): generally, ὄγκων cj. in Epicur.Ep.1p.14U.5 failure, defeat, PMag.Par.1.2445.II in Gramm.,3 inflexion, Simp.in Cat.65.8, Dexipp.in Cat.33.8: generally, of derivative forms, Simp.in Cat.37.11.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἔγκλισις
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17 ὑποστροφάς
A a screw working a crane, Ath.Mech.37.1. -ή, ἡ, turning about, wheeling round, of cavalry, Hdt.9.22: generally, return march, D.C.71.2.2 in the phrase ἐξ ὑποστροφῆς, of the chariot, turning round the meta at the far end of the δίαυλος, i. e. turning sharply round, S.El. 725: so in military sense, wheeling right about, Plb.2.25.3,3.14.5, D.H.2.41, etc.b on the contrary, Epist. Philipp. ap. D.18.166.3 return, J.AJ2.14.3.2 Rhet., τὸ καθ' ὑποστροφὴν σχῆμα recurrence to a subject, after a parenthesis, Hermog.Id.2.1, cf. Aristid.Rh.2p.514S.3 Gramm., throwing back of the accent, A.D.Synt.134.18.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑποστροφάς
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18 κότταβος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `name of a game coming from Sicily, whereby the player from a cup throws the rest of the wine against a target, to wit either against a slice which is in balance on a bar like a lighter, which falls (soc. κότταβος κατακτός) or against an empty saucer, which swims in a basin with water and sinks when hit (κ. ἐν λεκάνῃ or δι' ὀξυβάφων). However κότταβος indicated not only the game itself, but also several objects and movements used. (Anakr., Pi., trag., com., hell.)Other forms: (ion. - σσ-)Derivatives: κοτταβίς f. `cup with two handles, for throwing' (hell.); κοτταβεῖον (- βιον) `kottabos-basin, -stander' (Dikaiarch., hell.), also `winner's prize at k.' (Com.); κοτταβικη ῥάβδος `k.-bar' (hell.). Denomin. verb κοτταβίζω `play k.' (Ar., Antiph.), euphem. for `vomit' (Poll., EM), also with ἀπο-, κατα-, συν- (X., com.); from there κοττάβισις, ( ἀπο-)κοτταβισμός (late).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: As the original meaning of κότταβος is unknown, all etymologies are in the air. In form one compares: κοτ(τ)ίς `head, back of the head', κόττειν τύπτειν H., κόττος `κύβος etc.' (s. vv.). - Studniczka BphW 14, 1299 and K. Schneider P.-W. 11: 2, 1529 understand `provide with a head' referring to the slice ( πλάστιγξ) above on the kottabos-stander. But Mastrelli Boll. di Studi fil. e ling. sic. 5 (1957), Estr. 25ff. starts from κόττος `κύβος, cube', older app. `ἀστράγαλος, swivel'; with κότταβος would be meant the curve of the hand when throwing the cup. The origin would lie in the western Mediterranean (cf. on κοττίς). - Lat. LW [loanword] cottabus `slapping blow' (Plaut.; cf. Friedmann Die jon. u. att. Wörter im Altlatein 46ff.). See κότταβος Mastrelli l. c., a. K. Schneider in P.-W. 11: 2, 1528ff. Cf. also on κοτύλη. The ττ\/σσ points to a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 1,932Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κότταβος
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19 πόλεμος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `battle, war' (Il.).Other forms: ep. also πτόλεμος.Dialectal forms: Myc. euru-potoremojo \/ Ευρυ-πτολεμοιο\/.Compounds: Some compp., e.g. πολέμ-αρχος m. "warlord", name of an official (IA., Dor.), φιλο-π(τ)όλεμος `friend of battles, warlike' (Il.).Derivatives: A. Several adj.: 1. πολέμ-ιος `militant, hostile', also subst. `enemy' (Pi., IA.); 2. -ήϊος `belonging to battle, war' (ep. Il.); metr. condit., prob. after Άρήϊος (Trümpy Fachausdrücke 134 w. lit.); 3. - ικός `belonging to war, militant, hostile' (Hdt. 3, 4 as v. l., Att.; Chantraine Études 123 etc.); 4. - ώδης `id.' (Olymp. in Grg.). B. Verbs: 1. πολεμ-έω, often w. prefix, e.g. δια-, κατα-, ἐκ-, `to battle, to fight a war' (IA.) with - ήτωρ (Antioch. Astr.), - ητής (Gytheion IIIp) m. `fighter, warrior', - ητήριον n. `military base, operation base, headquarters' (Plb.); διαπολέμ-ησις f. `ending of the war' (Th.). 2. πολεμ-ίζω ( πτολ-) `to fight' (ep. Il.; metr. for - έω, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 95) with - ιστής m. `fighter, warrior' (ep. Il.), f. - ίστρια (Heraclit. Ep.), - ιστρίς (Tz.), - ιστήριος `belonging to warriors' (IA.). 3. πολεμ-όομαι, - όω, also w. ἐκ- a.o., `to become enemies' (Hdt., Th., X.) with ἐκπολέμ-ωσις f. `the becoming enemies' (Plu.). 4. Desid. πολεμ-ησείω `to wish for war' (Th., D. C.). -- PN, e.g. Πολέμων, from where the plantname πολεμώνιον (Dsc.), s. Strömberg Pfl. 135; Πτολεμαῖος.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Orig. meaning `battle' (beside μάχομαι `fight'), from which (already in Homer) `continuing conflict, war' (beside μάχη `fight'); on this and on other synonyms Trümpy Fachausdr. 122 ff., Porzig Satzinhalte 78 f. On the variation of initial πτ-: π- s. Schwyzer 325 w. lit., also Trümpy 131 ff., Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 75f., Merlingen Μνήμης χάριν 2, 55 f. (cf. also on πόλις); it certainly goes back on a Pre-Greek phenomenon. -- Formally connection is recommended with πελεμίζω `shake, tremble' (Curtius 268 w. older lit.); attempt for a factual argumentation in Kretschmer Glotta 12, 54 ff. ( πόλεμος prop. `exertion, labour' from πελεμίζω `to exert oneself, take trouble[ ?]'; serious objections by Trümpy l.c.); πόλεμος orig. from throwing the lance? Both the noun to be assumed for πελεμίζω and πόλεμος contain a primary μ-suffix and go back on a verbal form cognate with πάλλω. [An idea for which I see no arguments.] -- More on the notion πόλεμος in D. Loenen Polemos. Een studie over oorlog in de griekse oudheid (MAc.Wet.Neth. N. R. 16:3; Amsterdam 1953). -- Pre-Greek origin, then, is obvious (Furnée 317).Page in Frisk: 2,574-575Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πόλεμος
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20 παλίντονος
πᾰλίν-τονος, ον,A bent backward, i.e. the opposite way to that in which they were drawn, τόξα, in Hom. of the bow whether strung, Il.8.266, cf. 15.443; or unstrung, 10.459, Od.21.11, cf. S.Tr. 511 (lyr.);Ἀράβιοι τόξα π. εἶχον μακρά Hdt. 7.69
;Σκυθικὰ π. βέλη A.Ch. 161
(lyr.).3 caused by opposite tensions,π. ἁρμονίη κόσμου ὅκωσπερ λύρης καὶ τόξου Heraclit.51
(v.l. παλίντροπος).II παλίντονα, τά, military engines for throwing stones, but not pointed missiles, = λιθοβόλα, Ph.Bel.91.36, Hero Bel.74, 104, etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παλίντονος
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